Searching Affiliations and References

A document can contain many references and may contain more than one affiliation. When you search for affiliations (AFFIL field) or references (REF field), you can specify if you want all of your search terms to be found in the same reference or affiliation.

To find references that include all of your search terms, search using the REF field.
- REF(darwin species 1859)
  will find results where "darwin", "species", and "1859" are in the same reference:
  - Darwin (1859) The Origin of the Species
To find affiliations that include all of your search terms, search using the AFFIL field.
- AFFIL(University College london)
  will find results where "university", "college", and "london" are in the same reference:
  - Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, United Kingdom
To specify the fields for your search terms, include the specific sub-fields:
- REF(REFAUTH(darwin) AND REFSRCTITLE(species) AND REFPUBYEAR IS 1859)
  will find results where "darwin" is the author, "species" is in the source title, and "1859" is the publication year:
  - Darwin (1859) The Origin of the Species
To find references that cite any of your search terms, search each sub-field without using the REF field:
- REFAUTH(darwin) AND REFSRCTITLE(species) AND REFPUBYEAR IS 1859
  will find results such as:
  - Ref. 1: Darwin, A.G. (2001) Journal of Biochemistry
  - Ref. 2: Cayley, A. (1859) Mem. R. Astron. Soc.
  - Ref. 3: Smith, B. (1999) J. Bird Species Res.

Finding Authors in References

The REFAUTH search field, which is part of the REF field, lets you specify if you want to find authors in the same reference.

For Example

REFAUTH(j smith) will only return references that contain both "j" and "smith", such as:

Smith, J.

It would not return references written by authors, such as:

Smith, B.
Jones, J.

You can use the REFAUTH field in conjunction with the REF field to find reference authors in a variety of ways.

To Find Document References	Use	To Find Documents Containing
Written by a specific author	REFAUTH(Watson crick)	References written by the following authors: Watson Crick Crick Watson
With all your search terms in the same reference	REF(Watson crick)	References containing both terms anywhere in the reference: F. Han, A neutral dinucleotide with Watson-Crick base pairing and a right handed helical twist
Written by two specific authors	REF(REFAUTH(Watson) AND REFAUTH(Crick))	References written by both Watson and Crick
Written by one or more authors	REFAUTH(Watson) AND REFAUTH(Crick)	References written by: Watson Crick or both together

Searching Affiliations and References

Finding Authors in References

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