Field Names

Field names may be entered in upper or lower case, and field names must be spelled exactly the way they are spelled below, including hyphens.

Use the following syntax to specify a field name in your search string: field_name (search term).

Example

To search for articles about prion diseases: the search TITLE-ABS-KEY (prion disease) locates documents where the terms appear in the title, keywords, or abstract. To search specifically for documents to which the indexing term prion disease has been assigned, search for INDEXTERMS(prion disease).

All field codes listed below are available for use within the Advanced Search form.

The Basic Search form provides a list of fields within which a search may be performed. This list, however, provides fewer options than are available when performing an Advanced Search.

Designated Field Values

Some fields, Document Type for example, require designated values. The designated values are indicated in the table below as the letters XX, meaning an additional entry is required. Also, the designated values may be more than one letter, so please consult the table below in order to enter the value correctly. The following Field Names use designated values:
- Document Type: DOCTYPE(XX)
- Subject Area: SUBJAREA(XX)
- Source Type: SRCTYPE(XX)

= Included in ALL fields search.

Code

Name

For Example

All

All Fields

Searches the following fields: ABS, AFFIL, ARTNUM, AUTH, AUTHCOLLAB, CHEM, CODEN, CONF, DOI, EDITOR, ISBN, ISSN, ISSUE, KEY, LANGUAGE, MANUFACTURER, PUBLISHER, PUBYEAR, REF, SEQBANK, SEQNUMBER, SRCTITLE, VOLUME, and TITLE.

Note	If you do not specify a field restriction, ALL is assumed.

Entering ALL("heart attack") will return documents with "heart attack" in the article title, source title, language, author, editor, affiliation, abstract, keywords, references, DOI, ISBN, ISSN, CODEN, issue, volume, publication year, sequence bank, sequence bank number, article number, chemical name, CAS registry number, manufacturer, publisher, or conference fields.

TITLE-ABS-KEY-AUTH

A combined field that searches abstracts, article titles, keywords, and author names.

Entering TITLE-ABS-KEY-AUTH(heart attack) will return documents with "heart attack" in their abstracts, article titles, keywords, or author name fields.

Note	A Quick Search searches the TITLE-ABS-KEY-AUTH fields.

TITLE-ABS-KEY

A combined field that searches abstracts, keywords, and article titles.

Entering TITLE-ABS-KEY("heart attack") will return documents with "heart attack" in their abstracts, article titles, or keyword fields.

Note	TITLE-ABS-KEY is the Basic Search default field.

TITLE

Article Title

The title of an article.

Entering TITLE("neuropsychological evidence") will return documents with the phrase "neuropsychological evidence" in their title.

LANGUAGE

Language

The language in which the original document was written.

Entering LANGUAGE(french)will return documents originally written in French.

AU-ID

Author Identifier Number

A unique identification number assigned to Scopus authors. For more information, see Scopus Author Identifier.

Notes

You cannot search the AU-ID field by entering an author name. For example entering AU-ID(Sato, A.) would not result in a match.
Boolean operators cannot be used in the AU-ID field.

Entering AU-ID(Sato, A. 100038831) or AU-ID(100038831) will return documents authored by Sato, A. and variants of that name stored in Scopus.

AUTHOR-NAME

Author Name

The name of an author. This field finds variants for a single author name.

Note	Use a comma to separate last name and first name.

Entering AUTHOR-NAME(carrera, s) will return documents with "carrera, s" in the author name field, including:

Carrera, F S
Carrera, S
Carrera, S R
Carrera, Samuele
Carrera Díaz, S
Carrera Justiz, S C
Dueñas Carrera, S
Sánchez Carrera, S

AUTH

Author

A combined field that searches the following author fields: AUTHLASTNAME and AUTHFIRST.

Entering AUTH(jr) will return documents with "jr" in the last name and first initial fields, including:

Finn Jr., C.E.
Jenkins, J.R.

AUTHLASTNAME

Author last name (family name)

Entering AUTHLASTNAME(barney) will return documents with "barney" in the author last name field.

AUTHFIRST

Author first initial

Entering AUTHFIRST(j) will return documents with "j" in the author first initial field, including:

Yu, J.
Paradi, J.C.
Handelman, C.J.
Da Costa, J.C.S.

AUTHCOLLAB marker

Collaboration Author

The name by which a group of authors is known.

Entering AUTHCOLLAB("alpha group") will return documents with "alpha group" in the collaboration field.

FIRSTAUTH

First Author

The first author listed for a document.

Entering FIRSTAUTH(Liming, T) will return documents with authors listed as ‘Liming, T., Mingan, S., Jiangzhong, Y., Zhenhua, T.’ The search does not return a document with authors listed as ‘Mingan, S., Jiangzhong, Y., Liming, T., Zhenhua, T.’, since “Liming T.” is not the first author in the author list.

EDITOR

Editor

A combined field that searches the following fields: EDLASTNAME and EDFIRST.

Entering EDITOR(smith) will return documents with "smith" in the editor last name and first initial fields.

EDLASTNAME

Editor last name (family name)

Entering EDITOR(smith) will return documents with "smith" in the editor last name field.

EDFIRST

Editor first name (given name)

Entering EDITOR(michael) will return documents with "michael" in the first name field.

AFFIL

Affiliation

When searching the AFFIL field, you can specify if you want all of your search terms to be found in the same affiliation.

For more information and examples see Searching Affiliations and References

AFFIL is a combined field that searches the following author address fields: AFFILCITY, AFFILCOUNTRY, and AFFILORG.

To find documents where your search terms occur in the same affiliation, use:
AFFIL(london and hospital)
To find documents where both terms appear in a document's affiliation, but not necessarily in the same affiliation, use:
AFFIL (london) and AFFIL (hospital)

AFFILCITY

Affiliation city. The city portion of an author address.

Entering AFFILCITY(beijing) will return documents where "beijing" is the city in the author affiliation fields, such as:

Beijing Engineering Software Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100081, China

AFFILCOUNTRY

Affiliation country. The country portion of an author address.

Entering AFFILCOUNTRY(japan) will return documents where "japan" is the country in the author affiliation fields, such as:

Sojo University, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan

AFFILORG

Affiliation organization. The organization portion of an author address.

Entering AFFILORG(toronto) will return documents where "toronto" is the organization in the author affiliation fields, such as:

Department of Mathematics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. M5S 3G3, Canada

AF-ID

Affiliation ID

A unique identification number assigned to organizations affiliated with Scopus authors. For more information, see Scopus Affiliation Identifier.

Notes

You cannot search using just the affiliation name. For example entering AF-ID(Harvard Medical School) would not result in a match.
Boolean operators cannot be used within the AF-ID field.

Entering AF-ID(Harvard Medical School 3000604) or AF-ID(3000604) will return documents written by authors affiliated with Harvard Medical School and variants of that name stored in Scopus.

ABS

Abstract

A summary of the document.

Entering ABS(dopamine) will return documents where "dopamine" is in the document abstract.

KEY

Keywords

A combined field that searches the AUTHKEY, INDEXTERMS, TRADENAME, and CHEMNAME fields.

Entering KEY(oscillator) will return documents where "oscillator" is a keyword.

AUTHKEY

Author Keywords. Keywords assigned to the document by the author.

Entering AUTHKEY(stroke) will return documents where "stroke" is an author keyword.

INDEXTERMS

Index terms. Controlled vocabulary terms assigned to the document.

Entering INDEXTERMS(Fluorimetric assay) will return documents where "fluorimetric assay " is an index term.

TRADENAME

A name used to identify a commercial product or service.

Entering TRADENAME(morbilvax) will return documents with "morbilvax" in the keywords fields.

CHEMNAME

Chemical name

Entering CHEMNAME(oxidopamine) will return documents with "oxidopamine" in the chemical name field.

REF

References

When searching the REF field, you can specify if you want all of your search terms to be found in the same reference.

For more information and examples see Searching Affiliations and References.

REF is a combined field that searches the REFAUTH, REFTITLE, REFSRCTITLE, REFPUBYEAR, and REFPAGE fields.

To find documents where your search terms occur in the same reference, use:
REF(darwin 1859)
To find documents where both terms appear in a document's references, but not necessarily in the same reference, use:
REF(darwin) and REF(1859)

REFAUTH

Reference authors

Entering REFAUTH(Wu) will return documents with "Wu" in their reference author fields.

REFTITLE

Reference title

Entering REFTITLE(dioxin) will return documents with "dioxin" in their reference title.

REFSRCTITLE

Reference source title

Entering REFSRCTITLE(neuropharmacology) will return documents where "neuropharmacology" is in the source title of a reference.

REFPUBYEAR

Reference year

A numeric field indicating the year of publication of a document reference.

Note	You can indicate the year using the IS operator.

Entering REFPUBYEAR IS 1994 will return documents with references published in 1994.

REFARTNUM

Article Number

A persistent identifier for a document used by a few publishers instead of, or in addition to, page numbers. Article numbers can be assigned at the time of electronic publication, so documents can be cited and searched for earlier in the publication process.

Entering REFARTNUM(1) will return documents where "1" is in the article number of a document reference, such as:

art. no. 1
rt. no. EGT-Nr 1.096

REFPAGE

Reference page numbers

Entering REFPAGE(75) will return documents where "75" is in the page numbering of a document reference, such as:

pp. 71-75
75 pp.

REFPAGEFIRST

First Page

Entering REFPAGEFIRST(5) will return documents where "5" is in the page numbering of a document reference, such as:

pp. 854-879
pp. 5-7

PUBYEAR

Year of Publication

A numeric field indicating the year of publication.

Note	You can indicate the year using the following operators: BEF - Before AFT - After IS - Is equal to

Entering PUBYEAR AFT 1994 will return documents with a publication year after 1994.
Entering PUBYEAR BEF 1994 will return documents with a publication year before 1994.
Entering PUBYEAR IS 1994 will return documents with a publication year of 1994.

PUBDATETXT

Date of publication

A text date field indicating the date of publication.

Entering PUBDATETXT(July 2004) will return documents with a publication date of "July 2004".

DOI

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

A unique alphanumeric string created to identify a piece of intellectual property in an online environment.

Entering DOI(10.1007/s00202-004-0261-3) will return the document with the matching DOI.

DOCTYPE (XX)

Document Type

Possible values for XX are:

Article- ar
Abstract Report- ab
Article in Press- ip
Book- bk
Business Article - bz
Conference Paper- cp
Conference Review- cr
Editorial- ed
Erratum- er
Letter- le
Note- no
Press Release- pr
Report- rp
Review- re
Short Survey- sh

Entering DOCTYPE(ar) will return documents classified as articles.

SUBJAREA(XX)

Subject Area

Possible values for XX are:

Agricultural and Biological Sciences-AGRI
Arts and Humanities-ARTS
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-BIOC
Business, Management and Accounting-BUSI
Chemical Engineering-CENG
Chemistry-CHEM
Computer Science-COMP
Decision Sciences-DECI
Earth and Planetary Sciences-EART
Economics, Econometrics and Finance-ECON
Energy-ENER
Engineering-ENGI
Environmental Science-ENVI
Immunology and Microbiology-IMMU
Materials Science-MATE
Mathematics-MATH
Medicine-MEDI
Neuroscience-NEUR
Nursing-NURS
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-PHAR
Physics and Astronomy-PHYS
Psychology-PSYC
Social Sciences-SOCI
Veterinary-VETE
Dentistry-DENT
Health Professions-HEAL
Multidisciplinary-MULT

Entering SUBJAREA(CHEM) will return documents classified under the subject area Chemistry.

SRCTITLE

Source Title

The title of the journal, book, conference proceeding, or report in which the document was published.

Entering SRCTITLE(pacific) will return documents with "pacific" in the source title, such as:

Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health
Pacific Conservation Biology
1989 Asia-Pacific Conference

EXACTSRCTITLE

Exact Source Title

Searches the title of the journal, book, conference proceeding, or report in which the document was published.

Exact source title searches will not find variations of your search terms—only sources that contain the exact words in your search will be returned.

Entering EXACTSRCTITLE(behavior) will return documents published in the source "Physiology and Behavior", but not documents in the source "Addictive Behaviors".

SRCTYPE (XX)

Source Type

Possible values for XX are:

Journal- j
Book- b
Book Series- k
Conference Proceeding- p
Report- r
Trade Publication - d

Entering SRCTYPE(j) will return documents from journal sources.

ISBN

International Standard Book Number

A unique identification number assigned to all books.

Entering ISBN(9780123456789) will return documents containing "9780123456789"as well as any other document containing single or multiple hyphens in any possible combination within "978-0-123-45678-9".

ISSN

International Standard Serial Number

A unique identification number assigned to all serial publications.

Entering ISSN(0-7623-106) or (07623106) will return documents containing "0762310669" as well as any other document containing single or multiple hyphens in any possible combination within "0-7623-106".

EISSN

Electronic International Standard Serial Number

The ISSN of the electronic version of a serial publication.

Entering EISSN(0-7623-106) or (07623106) will return documents containing "0762310669" as well as any other document containing single or multiple hyphens in any possible combination within "0-7623-106".

CODEN

A unique, six-character code that identifies serial and nonserial publications.

Entering CODEN(rnene) will return documents in the specified publication.

VOLUME

Volume

Identifier for a serial publication.

Entering VOLUME(34) will return documents with a volume number of 34.

ISSUE

Issue

Identifier for a serial publication.

Entering ISSUE(summer) will return documents with an issue identifier of "summer".

PAGES

Pages

A combination field that searches the PAGEFIRST and PAGELAST fields.

Entering PAGES(1-2) will return documents with a page number range of "1-2".

Entering PAGES(9) will return documents with page numbers, such as:

1-9
9
9-16

PAGEFIRST

First page

Entering PAGEFIRST(9) will return documents with page numbers, such as:

9
9-16

PAGELAST

Last page

Entering PAGELAST(9) will return documents with page numbers, such as:

ARTNUM

Article Number

Entering ARTNUM(1) will return documents with article numbers, such as:

art. no. 1
art. no. EGT-Nr 1.096

PMID

PubMed Identifier

A unique identifier for all Medline documents.

Entering PMID(10676951) will return documents that have a PubMed Identifier of "10676951".

SEQBANK

Sequence Bank

The name of the sequence bank that lists a nucleotide or amino acid sequence that is defined or mentioned in a document.

Entering SEQBANK(GenBank) will return documents with "GenBank" in the keywords field.

SEQNUMBER

Sequence Bank Accession Number

The number assigned to an amino acid or nucleotide sequence defined or mentioned in a document.

Entering SEQNUMBER(AB013289) will return documents with "AB013289" in the keywords field.

MANUFACTURER

Manufacturer

Entering MANUFACTURER(sigma) will return documents with "sigma" in the keywords fields.

CHEM

Chemical

A combined field that searches the CHEMNAME and CASREGNUMBER fields.

Entering CHEM(oxidopamine) will return documents with "oxidopamine" in the chemical name or CAS registry number fields.

CHEMNAME marker

Chemical name

Entering CHEMNAME(oxidopamine) will return documents with "oxidopamine" in the chemical name field.

CASREGNUMBER

CAS registry number

A numeric identifier assigned to a substance when it enters the CAS registry database.

Entering CASREGNUMBER(1199-18-4) will return documents with "1199-18-4" in the CAS registry fields.

CONF

Conference Information

A combined field that searches information about a conference or a conference proceeding in the CONFNAME, CONFSPONSORS, and CONFLOC fields.

Note	A search for an article includes conference papers.

Entering CONF(electrical transmission) will return documents, such as:

Proceedings of the Conference: Electrical Transmission in a New Age

CONFNAME

Conference name

Entering CONFNAME(electrical transmission) will return documents, such as:

Proceedings of the Conference: Electrical Transmission in a New Age

CONFSPONSORS

Conference sponsors

Entering CONFSPONSORS(IEEE) will return documents, such as:

IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings
2004 IEEE 6th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing

CONFLOC

Conference location

Entering CONFLOC(Tokyo) will return documents, such as:

Proceedings - Seventh International Conference on High Performance Computing and Grid in Asia Pacific Region, HPCAsia 2004; Tokyo;